12 - TRASH CANS STORED IN ALLEYSItem 12
COS WESA SAjV7AR,Y [�ISTRiC7
Memorandum
To: Board of Directors
... an Independent SpeciafDistrict
Via: Scott Carroll, General Manage
From: Javier Ochiqui, Management Analyst
Date: August 20, 2012
Subject: Trash Cans Stored in Alleys
Summary
On June 19, 2012, the Operations Committee directed staff to look into the issue of
residents leaving their trash cans in the alleys because this may conflict with the
District's Operations Code Section 7.01.080, Removal of Trash Containers, which
states that, "Residential trash containers shall be removed ... out of view from the
street." The issue is whether or not the Board of Directors considers alleys to be City
streets and if so, what can be done for homes with alley's that cannot place their trash
containers out of public view.
CMSD staff contacted the City of Costa Mesa and the City indicated that alleys are
indeed City right -of -ways and should be considered as a street. City Municipal Code
Section 20 -2 — Definitions, states "Street means a public street, drive, right -of -way,
avenue, highway, place, alley, land, court, or way." However, the City also stated that
their code does not have a provision for enforcing visible trash cans from City streets
and that it was the responsibility of the CMSD to enforce.
Staff Recommendation
That the Board of Directors make a decision as to whether or not Operations Code
Section 7.01.080 applies to alleys.
Protecting our community's fieaft( and tfie environment by providing sofidwaste andsewer coffection services.
www. cnudca.gov
Board of Directors
August 20, 2012
Paae 2 of 6
Analysis
There are 21,565 residential homes in the City of Costa Mesa. City engineers
estimate that there are approximately 129 alleys in the City of Costa Mesa and about
2,150 homes with alleys. That means that roughly 10 percent of the homes in Costa
Mesa have alleys.
Operations Code Section 7.01.080 was adopted on August 14, 1997. There is no staff
report found in the archives that will provide more details regarding the intent for
adopting this ordinance and the minutes of the Board meeting do not give any further
information regarding this issue. Staff assumes the intent for adopting the ordinance
is to keep neighborhoods beautified by making sure trash cans are stored out of public
view (Please read District Counsel memorandum dated August 2, 2012 regarding
CMSD Code Interpretation).
Residents that have alleys behind their homes have been storing their trash cans in
the alleys long before the 1997 ordinance was adopted by the Board of Directors.
After the ordinance was adopted, the District's position regarding alleys is that unlike
city streets, alleys are not considered public thoroughfares that are used by the
general public to arrive at their destination. The alleys are behind homes and used by
homeowners to access their garages and homes. When two neighbors have disputes
regarding the locations of trash cans, the District's position is that this would be a civil
matter (similar to when a private property tree branch encroaches on another private
property) and should be resolved by the two neighbors. Changing the District's
position to treat alleys like a public street and begin enforcing the ordinance will catch
residents off guard and could generate some hostility among residents towards the
District.
Furthermore, enforcing the ordinance on 2,150 homes will be extremely time
consuming and costly. The District's code enforcement officer is a part-time employee
and by having him enforce the ordinance on 2,150 homes would require him to work
his entire shift. He would not be able to enforce other District codes such as
scavenging, graffiti on trash cans, illegal dumping, nor can he assist the City in
reporting abandon shopping carts and graffiti on public and private property. In
addition, the City cannot provide code enforcement assistance because of staff
reduction levels. In 2009, the City had 6 full -time and 3 part-time code enforcement
officers. Today, they have 4 full -time and 2 part-time code enforcement officers.
If the Board prefers to immediately enforce the ordinance by issuing citations, then
staff recommends hiring CR &R for the service at $39,000 and will result in the need to
amend the existing contract. CR &R's proposal is provided in this report in Attachment
B.
Staff has concerns that hundreds of citations will be issued causing a substantial
increase in the number of public hearings to contest the citations. The General
Manager is currently the hearing officer for public hearings. It is anticipated that the
Board of Directors
August 20, 2012
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General Manager will be spending many hours in public hearings, thus, inhibiting his
ability to execute regular day -to -day duties of effectively managing the organization. It
is also anticipated that the front office staff will be inundated with phone calls and
complaints regarding the citations and /or concerns about limited space to store trash
cans out of public view. Another concern is the number of home renters. While the
number of homes in alleyways being rented is unknown, staff believes renters will
ignore enforcement efforts, which will cause staff to contact property owners directly.
Now staff will have to be working with a 3rd party (property owner) to obtain compliance
and that can be difficult especially if the property owner resides out of county or state.
If the Board believes that Operations Code Section 7.01.080 does apply to alleys then
the ordinance should be revised to reflect the Board's position. After the revised
ordinance is adopted, staff anticipates further discussion and coordination with City
staff will be necessary as this may impact their organization as well. Staff also
believes there is a better way of using staff time to enforce the code while at the same
time enhancing the District's image and relationship with alley residents. Staff's
proposed plan is as follows:
1. Staff recommends mailing a joint notice, with the City, informing residents of
CMSD's code violation, the City's safety and blight concerns, and to seek
cooperation from residents to self- enforce and comply with the notice.
2. After the notices have been mailed and received by residents, staff anticipates
an increase in telephone calls and emails from concerned residents regarding
limited space to store their trash cans out of public view. Staff recommends
these residents schedule appointments with the District code enforcement
officer and /or the management analyst to work together on developing a
solution. This has worked well with considerable success in other
neighborhoods that had trash cans stored in public view.
3. On July 20, 2012, the Operations Committee discussed placing barricade type
signage in the alleys warning residents of illegally storing trash cans and
removing recyclable materials for said cans (scavenging). Staff does not
recommend erecting these types of signs because they will constantly fall down
and run the risk of being vandalized and /or stolen. Staff recommends erecting
permanent pole signage in the alleyways. Installing permanent signage will
cost approximately, $49,000 and would require coordination and approval by
the City.
4. After six months of implementing this plan staff will report back to the Board of
Directors on the progress made. Staff will bring back the compliance ratio, the
number of meetings with residents and status of installing permanent signs. If
significant progress is made in the past six months, then staff will recommend
continuing the plan for an additional six months. If the plan is meeting less than
expected, the Board may consider enforcing the ordinance by issuing warning
notices followed by issuing citations for noncompliant residents.
Board of Directors
August 20, 2012
Page 4 of 6
This plan will not be implemented without first obtaining additional feedback from City
officials whereas revisions of the plan may be required.
CR &R's Proposal
CR &R has submitted a proposal (Attachment B) to provide enforcement of CMSD
Operations Code Section 7.01.080. CR &R's cost would be $150.00 per day or
$39,000 per year. The proposed process is as follows:
• CR &R will provide one (1) employee and one (1) vehicle to patrol the District to
audit trash containers.
• The designated CR &R employee will carry both a digital camera and cellular
phone. The phone will allow CR &R to communicate directly with District staff
while in the field, and the camera will be used for documentation of unusual
issues.
• CR &R employee will issue yellow warning notices to first time offenders for
trash cans stored in public view.
• CR &R employee will issue red warning notices to residents violating the
ordinance a second time within 12 months after receiving the yellow warning
notice.
• After receiving red warning notices the District's code enforcement officer will
visit the locations in the alleys and issue a citation for $75.00 for the third
subsequent offense. A citation for $500.00 will be issued for the fourth offense
and a $950.00 fine for the fifth offense within a 12 month period.
• CR &R employee will attend public hearings as a witness for the District
regarding warning notices issued to residents for storing trash cans in public
view.
• CR &R employee will turn in all tags and paperwork to the District office daily.
• Projected working hours and schedule as presented by staff will be as follows:
Tuesday through Saturday, four (4) hours per day, 20 hours per week.
• An estimated 40 to 50 miles will be patrolled per day.
• Expenditures for this program are projected at a cost of $150.00 per day or
$39,000 per year.
Costa Mesa Sanitary District will be responsible for the purchase and supply of notices
to be placed on containers.
Board of Directors
August 20, 2012
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If the Board recommends revising Operations Code Section 7.01.080 to enforce trash
cans in the alleys, then the original agreement with CR &R will have to be amended.
Strategic Plan Element & Goal
This item complies with the objective and strategy of Strategic Element 2.0, Solid
Waste, which states:
"Objective: Our objective is to manage the collection and recycling of residential trash
in the most economical and environmentally friendly way."
"Strategy: We will do this by looking for ways to improve efficiencies, achieve high
customer satisfaction, and considering prudent new recycling methods."
Legal Review
Attachment A to this report is a memorandum from District Council where he believes
the District's intent for restricting trash cans on streets differs in intent by which the
City defines streets to include alleys.
Financial Review
To mail 2,150 notices will cost $967.50 in postage and an additional $178.90 for paper
and envelopes.
The cost to purchase and install approximately 258 permanent signage, (pole & sign)
in the alleys will cost about $49,000.
Currently, the District has 6 booklets for yellow and red warning notices (120 notices in
each booklet totaling 720 notices). Additional notices will have to be printed. Staff
estimates an additional 50 booklets of yellow and red notices (25 each) will have to be
printed at a total cost of $9,300.
Currently, the District has five citation booklets for a total of 247 citations. Additional
citation booklets may need to be printed.
The cost to have CR &R assist with enforcement procedures is $39,000 a year.
Total cost to implement the plan is $98,446.40
For Fiscal Year 2012 -2013, there are no funds budgeted for the plan mentioned above
or for the enforcement program. Funds would require allocation from the Solid Waste
Fund Balance, with an estimated Unreserved Fund Balance of $4.7 million as of June
30, 2012.
Board of Directors
August 20, 2012
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Under the enforcement program, there is a potential revenue source from the citations
projected to be issued. If ten percent of households in the alleys receive citations for
the third offense ($75), it would generate $16,125 in revenues.
The net cost to the program is estimated at $82,321.40.
Committee Recommendation
On July 20, 2012, the Operations Committee reviewed and discussed possible
signage and enforcement procedures for scavenging and storing trash cans in the
alleys. The Committee believed that each Board member would provide valuable
input regarding this issue and suggested placement of this item on the August regular
Board of Directors meeting agenda.
Public Notice Process
Copies of this report are on file and will be included with the entire agenda packet for
the August 20, 2012 Board of Directors meeting at District Headquarters and on
District website.
Alternative Actions
1. Do not amend Operations Code Section 7.01.080 to apply to alleys (status
quo).
2. Do not approve staff's plan, amend Operations Code Section 7.01.080 and
direct staff to immediately enforce the code in the alleys.
3. After revising Operations Code Section 7.01.080, approve amending the
original contract with CR &R to assist in the enforcement of the code.
Reviewed by:
Teresa Gonzalez
Accounting Manager
Attachments A: Memorandum from District Counsel, dated August 2, 2012 and
December 17, 2002
B: CR &R's Proposal to Enforce CMSD's Operations Code Section
7.01.080
Attachment A
LAW OFFICES OF
HARPER & BURNS LLP
A LRdRI'.D HABU RY PARTN1:RSDR' INCLUDING A PROPT•,SSIONAI, CORPCMATION
JOHN R. HARPER*
ALAN R. BURNS
COLIN R. BURNS
Of Counsel
JUDI CURTIN•
MICHAEL MONTGOMERY*
•A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
To: General Manager
From: District Counsel
Date: August 2, 2012
453 SOUTH GLASSELL STREET
ORANGE. CALIFORNIA 92866
TELEPHONE (714) 771 -7728
FACSIMILE (714) 744.3350
Re: Trash Containers in the Alley - CMSD Operations Code Interpretation
Alan R. Bums
arbumseaa harpe rbums. com
We reviewed a draft agenda staff report pertaining to trash containers in the alleys of the District.
We believe the preliminary premise of the report is incorrect, specifically that the City's
definition of "street" is controlling.
For background, a statute or ordinance is to be interpreted by using the plain meaning of the
words to ascertain the intent of the legislative body enacting the law. That legislative body is the
Board of Directors. The intent in restricting trash container placement for District purposes is a
different intent than was probably employed by the Costa Mesa City Council in defining street to
include alley.
THE RULE OF STATUTORY INTERPRETATION
The plain meaning controls unless a statute is ambiguous. If ambiguous, we must ascertain the
legislative intent.
PLAIN MEANING
The first place to look to interpret any statute is to its wording. The plain meaning of a statue
controls. Here, the statute is an ordinance which states that containers shall be removed from the
curb and stored in the "rear or side yard of the property so as to be out of view from the street."
The CMSD Operations Code does not define "street." For undefined terms, we only use another
code's definition if the statutes were in pari materia (to be read together) such as the Uniform
Plumbing Code. (See CMSD Oper. Code § 6.01.015.). Since we have neither incorporated the
Costa Mesa Municipal Code nor the Vehicle Code into our definitions, those definitions are not
controlling.
If the terms are not clear on their face, reference to the dictionary might be appropriate.
Although the dictionary defines terms differently, a street is generally a public way with
buildings on either side while an alley is a narrow passageway behind or between buildings.
(The Vehicle Code defines these terms somewhat similarly. See Veh. Code §§ 110, 590, 591:
"an alley is a roadway not exceeding 25' in width for access to buildings from the side or rear
entrance to property. ")
Costa Mesa Sanitary District
Trash Containers in the Alley - CMSD Operations Code Interpretation
August 2, 2012
Page 2
Since it is still not resolved what is meant by "alley," reference must be made to the rules for
determining legislative intent.
THE LEGISLATIVE INTENT
Where the plain meaning does not resolve the issue, the next step is to look at legislative intent.
The purpose of statutory interpretation is to ascertain the legislative intent. There is no record as
to what the Board intended in choosing the word "street," but it can be surmised that it was
probably to enhance aesthetics. It could be argued that this meant that trash containers should be
promptly removed from the front of homes so that those homes would have "street appeal" to use
the realtor term. On the other hand, it is possible that the Board also desired to have the alleys
cleared for aesthetic reasons, but I would have supposed that if that was the purpose that the
ordinance would have said "streets or alleys."
PRIOR CONSTRUCTION
Another rule of statutory construction is to look to an agency's prior construction. If the District
has not enforced the rule in alleys for the past 20 or so years that the law has been in the books,
that tends to suggest that the law was not meant to apply to alleys.
PROVING THE CASE
Although I assume we would pursue the lesser burden of proof in the civil citation system, we
still have to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the trash container was visible from
the "street." If I were defending that action (as an attorney or homeowner) I would simply assert
that the trash cans were not visible from a street and introduce a street map showing no street
name for the alley. That should be enough to win as judges tend to resolve all doubts in favor of
defendants.
On the other hand, if these "alleys" have street names, that would be evidence that we can
enforce the ordinance as written.
CONCLUSION
We have not enforced this ordinance in alleys for over 20 years (to my knowledge). If the Board
intends for the ordinance to apply to alleys, it should make it clear, and we should revise our
ordinance to say so. Since we have not enforced the law for 20 years, another 60 days should not
be an unreasonable amount of time to wait to make sure a "person of average intelligence knows
what is prohibited."
I found a 2002 memo I did on this subject which came to the same conclusion (attached).
d-z�
Alan R. Burns
District Counsel
Harper & Bums LLP 1 453 South Glassell Street, Orange, California 92866 1 Telephone (714) 771 -7728 1 Facsimile (714) 744 -3350 1 www.harperbtims.com
4
1
LAW OITICF.S OF
HARPER & BURNS LLP
A I rrm-n uAnuin, PARTzitsi RP Mf7.1,UNK; A PROFE5SR)FAI, CORPORA7I(IN
ALAN R. Rl1RNS
JOHN R. HARPER'
OF COUNSEL
JUDI A. CCRTI \'
MICHAE1.MONTGOMPRY'
'A PROMMIONAL CORPORA110N
TO: District Manager/Engineer
FROM: District Counsel
DATE: December 17, 2002
RE: Definition of "Alley"
451 S GLASSEI.I. STREET
ORANGE,CALIFORNIA 92966 RIVERSIDE -LS N- BERNARI�ILiL[1_.
(000) 674 -0699
(7111) 771 -77129
FAX (714) 744 -33SO
Rob, in reviewing your question, it is my opinion that the definition of "street" in the Costa Mesa
Sanitary District ordinance does not include "alley ", although the Costa Mesa Municipal Code so
defines the term.
My reasoning is as follows. There is no reason to read the District Operations Code and the City
Municipal Code in pari materia (construed together). The laws were enacted by two different
legislative bodies and there is no attempt to incorporate the City Municipal Code definitions into the
District Operations Code.
Furthermore, the Vehicle Code provides that an "alley" is any highway having a roadway not exceeding
25 feet in width which is used primarily for access to rear or side entrances of abutting property.
[Vehicle Code Section 110] However, it is arguable that since a "street" under the Vehicle Code
encompasses a highway, that an alley is therefore a street.
I believe the better interpretation is that if we mean alley, we should say "alley." While there may be
reasons for including �alleyl within` \.
reasons vehicle rules of the road, our ordinance has more of an
aesthetic purpose. There is, in my mind, a big difference between prohibiting persons from having
things visible from the street, and from having things visible from an alley. Where there is a street, that
normally will be the front yard, while alleys are generally to the rear. Furthermore, it was my
recollection that we specifically deleted alleys from the draft ordinance before we adopted it. This may
have been done at the staff level (I may have done it on my own in doing the draft), so if I should have
let the Board decide whether the cans should be out of view in alleys, that was an option I should have
provided.
ri
U
Costa Mesa Sanitary District
Alley Definition
December 17, 2002
Page 2
If you want to pursue this, I suggest we put it to the Board. Before we do, perhaps we should have a
discussion on the situation in Costa Mesa and maybe some pictures of the problem as the justification
for an enlargement of the prohibition. QL
Alan R. Burns
District Counsel
Attachment B
Residential Container Tagging Notification - Costa Mesa Sanitary District
The Costa Mesa Sanitary District and CR &R Incorporated have discussed a combined program to enforce
District codes pertaining to storage and removal of trash containers in public view. The aim of the program is
to educate residents and present opportunities for sustained compliance. Similar programs have achieved
success in decreasing the number of containers left curbside in other Orange County municipalities serviced by
CR &R. Title 7, Chapter 7.01 of the Costa Mesa Sanitary District Operations Code addresses trash regulations
and purposes for said regulations:
Section 7.01.010. Purpose. ...A further purpose is to provide for the public health and welfare and sanitary streets
by requiring the waste containers to be stored on the property out of view except for reasonable periods of time for
collection. (Ord. 27, 1997)
Section 7.01.080. Removal of Trash Containers. Residential trash containers shall be removed from the curb
by midnight the day of trash collection and shall be stored in the rear or side yard of the property so as to be
out of view from the street. Such containers shall be placed behind the curb for collection no earlier than
5:00 p.m. on the evening before the scheduled collection day. (Ord. 27, 1997)
In order to enhance existing enforcement efforts of the Costa Mesa Sanitary District regarding proper trash
container storage, CR &R proposes the following plan:
• CR &R will provide one (1) employee and one (1) vehicle to patrol the District to audit trash
containers.
• The designated CR &R employee will carry both a digital camera and cellular phone. The phone will
allow CR &R to communicate directly with District staff while in the field, and the camera will be used
for documentation of unusual issues.
• CR &R employee will issue yellow warning notices to first time offenders for trash cans stored in
public view.
• CR &R employee will issue red warning notices to residents violating the ordinance a second time
within 12 months after receiving the yellow warning notice.
• After receiving red warning notices the District's code enforcement officer will visit the locations in
the alleys and issue a citation for $75.00 for the third subsequent offense. A citation for $500.00 will
be issued for the fourth offense and a $950.00 fine for the fifth offense within a 12 month period.
• CR &R employee will attend public hearings as a witness for the District regarding warning notices
issued to residents for storing trash cans in public view.
• CR &R employee will turn in all tags and paperwork to the District office daily.
• Projected working hours and schedule as presented by staff will be as follows: Tuesday through
Saturday, four (4) hours per day, 20 hours per week.
Attachment B
• An estimated 40 to 50 miles will be patrolled per day.
• Expenditures for this program would be approximately $150.00 per day or $39,000 per year.
Costa Mesa Sanitary District will be responsible for the purchase and supply of tags to be placed on
containers. CR &R will assist in the production for these tags.
Thank you in advance for allowing CR &R the opportunity to better the Costa Mesa Sanitary District
community. The District is more than welcome to alter the parameters of this proposal.
As always, it's a pleasure being of service to the Costa Mesa Sanitary District.
Respectfully,
Dean A. Ruffridge,
Senior Vice President
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